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Ghazni is a city in central Afghanistan, with an approximate population of 141,000 people (2010). It is the capital of Ghazni Province, situated on a plateau at 7,280 feet (2,219 m) above sea level.<br/><br/> Ghazni was founded sometime in antiquity as a small market-town and is mentioned by Ptolemy. According to various legends it was founded by Raja Gaj of the Yadu Dynasty around 1500 BCE. In the 6th century BCE, the city was conquered by the Achaemenid king, Cyrus II, and incorporated into the Persian empire.<br/><br/> Ghazni was a thriving Buddhist center up until the 7th century. In 683 CE, Arab armies brought Islam to the region but many refused to accept the new religion. Yaqub Saffari from Zaranj conquered the city in the late 9th century. It later became the dazzling capital of the Ghaznavid Empire, which encompassed much of northern India, Persia and Central Asia. Between 1215–21, Ghazni was managed by the Khwarezmid Empire, during which time it was destroyed by the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan, led by his son Ögedei Khan.
Ogedei Khan (c. 1186 – December 11, 1241) was the third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan (Khagan) of the Mongol Empire by succeeding his father. He continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun, and was a world figure when the Mongol Empire reached its farthest extent west and south during the invasions of Europe and Asia. Like all of Genghis' primary sons, he participated extensively in conquests in China, Iran and Central Asia.<br/><br/> After the death of Genghis Khan, his youngest son Tolui acted as the temporary head of state affairs until in 1228, yellow cattle year, the third son of Genghis Khan, Ogedei was enthroned by the Great Assemblage held in Hudeearal on the river Herlen. Ogedei was born in 1187,the red horse year, and from the age of 17 he began to contribute to the strenghening of state affairs. Ogedei Khan improved the organizational form of the state, finished the construction of Karakorum city begun by his father Genghis Khan and made it the capital of the Mongolian Empire. Ogedei Khan passed away in 1241, the white cattle year, at the age of 56.
Ogedei Khan (c. 1186 – December 11, 1241) was the third son of Genghis Khan and second Great Khan (Khagan) of the Mongol Empire by succeeding his father. He continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun, and was a world figure when the Mongol Empire reached its farthest extent west and south during the invasions of Europe and Asia. Like all of Genghis' primary sons, he participated extensively in conquests in China, Iran and Central Asia.<br/><br/> After the death of Genghis Khan, his youngest son Tolui acted as the temporary head of state affairs until in 1228, yellow cattle year, the third son of Genghis Khan, Ogedei was enthroned by the Great Assemblage held in Hudeearal on the river Herlen. Ogedei was born in 1187,the red horse year, and from the age of 17 he began to contribute to the strenghening of state affairs. Ogedei Khan improved the organizational form of the state, finished the construction of Karakorum city begun by his father Genghis Khan and made it the capital of the Mongolian Empire. Ogedei Khan passed away in 1241, the white cattle year, at the age of 56.